Attention should be paid to the management of pear orchard in autumn.

If we want to grow pear trees well in the coming year, we must keep up with the management of pear trees in autumn. The pollination pollen factory of the fruit pear tree has been sorting out the problems that should be paid attention to in the management of autumn pear orchard.
First, why should base fertilizer be applied early?
Pear shoot growth and fruit development will consume a large number of nutrients in the current year, therefore, fruit farmers should apply basal fertilizer early from mid-late September to early October, the earlier the better, in order to promote the restoration of tree vigor as soon as possible. Because at this time is the peak of pear root growth, root wounds are easy to heal and germinate new roots, and the soil temperature is higher, microbial activity is stronger, fertilizer application decomposition rate is fast, pear trees are easy to absorb. Base fertilizer can be used mature sheep manure, chicken manure, pig manure and other organic fertilizers, pear orchard in full fruit period according to the "Jinguo Jin Fertilizer" standard, adding 40 kg 15:5:10 compound fertilizer per mu, fertilization depth of 20-30 cm is appropriate. In addition, because the pear orchard usually produces grass, the fruit farmers should first mow the lawn before fertilizing. Fertilization was carried out by means of rotary furrow and then irrigated in a timely manner after fertilization. In addition, some orchard uses biogas slurry irrigation, which is also a good way.
Two, why are the benefits of ploughing in the pear orchard in autumn?
After fruit harvesting, fruit farmers should remove the mulch in the rows of trees in time, and the pear orchard between rows after mowing soil rotary tillage tillage, depth to reach 20 cm. Rotary tillage combined with fertilization can not only loosen the soil, enhance the permeability, but also prompt the generation of new roots in time, which is conducive to the healing of pear roots and the stop of growth in autumn, promote the ripening of branches, and facilitate the accumulation of nutrients and safe winter. In addition, deep ploughing can turn the pests hiding in the soil under the canopy for overwintering out of the ground, allowing birds to peck or freeze to death, and can also bury the dead fruit of the ground and the pests hiding in the withered grass deep underground, the next year can not be smoothly unearthed and suffocated, reducing the source of disease and insects. In arid areas, fruit farmers also need to strengthen watering.
Three. Why is fruit picking in batches?
According to the characteristics of pear varieties, market time, transportation distance and conditions, storage time and other factors, the pear growers should choose the appropriate maturity and timely harvest. Picking by stages and batches can improve fruit quality and commodity fruit rate, and also can improve fruit yield. Therefore, fruit farmers should first harvest the lower and peripheral fruits of the canopy, then the upper and inner fruit of the canopy; first harvest the large fruit that meets the purchasing standard; after about five days, again harvested, 2-3 harvest ends. Green and yellow-white commercial pears are usually harvested in bags to avoid scratches during harvesting and transportation. The bagging fruit of red-skinned pear should be bagged about 15 days before harvest, and remove the leaves which are less than 5 cm away from the fruit, so as to facilitate fruit coloring.
Four. Why do pear trees need to be trimmed?
Autumn pruning can reduce the ineffective consumption of Tree Nutrients and promote the accumulation of tree nutrients. At the same time, it can also improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions and improve the quality of fruit. The specific pruning method is to remove or retract the invalid branches, overlapping branches, elongated branches and competing branches in the bore, with the emphasis on the bore branches and current-year branches, and the pruning amount should not be large. For varieties with low branching ability, attention should be paid to the selection of dorsal and upper branching branches with space deficiency, which can be pulled down slowly to promote flowering and fruiting.
Five, why do pear diseases and pests need to be prevented?
The main diseases of pear orchard in autumn are powdery mildew, black spot and black spot of pear. The insect pests include pear louse, red spider, pear carnivorous insect and green leafhopper. To control these diseases and insect pests, fruit growers can spray high-efficiency cypermethrin, avermectin and Ningnanmycin 20 days before harvest.
The management of autumn pear orchard should pay attention to the problems to be introduced here, I hope you can pay attention to these problems!
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