Apple management notes in July

The apple tree in July after entering the fruit began to expand, Gala apple before maturity expansion period from July 10th to August 10th, Fuji red apple first expansion period from June 15th to July 15th. At the same time, flower bud differentiation begins from physiological differentiation to morphological differentiation. In production, some farmers still can not abandon the "flood irrigation, tillage weeding, sparse back branch management habits, often caused by the" thankless money ", which is not conducive to fruit and fruit, is not conducive to the accumulation of the nutrition and improve the quality and quantity of flower bud differentiation.
A, not flood irrigation.
July is the hottest month throughout the year, the fruit demand and transpiration, reasonable water can meet the leaf transpiration and fruit development of double water demand. The growth of new shoots, irrigation can promote long; new shoots stopped long, weak tree cast small water can promote flowering and young fruit trees, Wang irrigate flood shoot two times growth is stimulated. But flooding, often easy to cause the tree flourishing and caused a lot of capillary absorption root suffocation. After irrigation while soil moisture, but the excess soil void water will cause the root hypoxia, the death of Mao Xigen is not working properly, the water transportation is blocked, resulting in water shortage caused by transpiration, leaf burning or leaf wilting phenomenon. So, what time your orchard pouring, pouring, pouring and how much, to see the day, see, see, see the tree fruit volume flexibility. If you have a large quantity of fruit trees, steady, drought, no rain moisture of soil, after watering is not run, and the swelling fruit, but also fertile flowers. But not to the point of flood irrigation, furrow irrigation, irrigation and drip irrigation with fertilizer or irrigation gun is best.
If the current drought dry, five kinds of weak tree watering trees to zhuang. The tree is weak, small, small yellow leaves and buds of trees. The tree is weak in drought resistance and has little vegetative growth and excessive reproductive growth under persistent high temperature and drought. A tree with many small leaves, thin leaves, early stop and no two growth. This kind of tree causes a great deal of consumption, but the water shortage in the underground can not maintain normal nutrition exchange and influence the function of leaves. The result of last year was too many, the nutrient loss was excessive, there were not many fruits in the whole year, but the leaves were yellow and the trees with fallen leaves appeared. This kind of tree in the rain under normal conditions, growth will be restored. But when the soil water, not the normal transmission of nutrition, recovery of trees, causing the yellow leaves fall off. The ditch, Nian edge was water tree. The excessive tree girdling. Fruit tree girdling, lack of soil moisture transport, exchange of nutrition under severely affected, if the air is hot and dry, peeling and the healing effect.
Two, should not light drink not to eat.
As we all know, fat is the grain of trees, and water is the soup of trees. 6-7 month topdressing irrigation, fertilizer water, tree Zhuang and Yi Chenghua water; much less fat, new shoots flourishing virtual hard into the flower.
Most of the fruit growers think that the fruit should grow big, the water is king, and the fat is the grain. The compound fertilizer with high nitrogen and high potassium is often used in the application of swelling fertilizer. Flood irrigation, with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer to fruit trees can not be timely stop, flower bud differentiation, the size of the serious. Will cause the fruit mature late, color light, fruit quality decreased. The correct approach is to be added in summer and low nitrogen phosphorus potassium in high phosphorus potassium fertilizer and trace element fertilizer, fruit coloring, a big lover.
Three, not rotary tillage weed control.
Fruit bags cover, and see a lot of fruit farmers to land rotary clean. Enter the orchard, like a stove, inch grass missing, feet stuck dry soil, hot and dry intolerable. In fact, when the fruit tree grows, the tree turns deep and damages 5-20 centimeters of the shallow absorbing roots. The growth of the most active and sensitive to temperature and humidity, moisture and nutrient absorption capacity of the strongest absorption of root cytokinin synthesis can not play its good effect, it is difficult to form flower bud, fruit sugar, low degree of color difference. On the other hand, rotary tillage is too deep to damage the surface and absorb roots. It is more conducive to the growth of deep roots, and stimulates the growth of autumn shoots and forms a virtual tree. At the same time, in July when the dog days, temperatures higher than 30 DEG C will accelerate the root and leaf respiration, surface temperature and orchard grass than clean tillage orchard low 3-5 C, the author thinks: 4-8 month period of fruit growth tillage frequently, it is "serious mistakes, steadfast in inaction move real sabotage the.
The principle of underground management in fruit growing period is: less tillage and no tillage, and grass and grass are the best. Natural grass do not form a "grass garden", Wang high timely cut grass. Because the grass is autotrophic organic fertilizer, grass is not to drink oil of the pine cultivator, grass is temperature, moisture regulator, control well, you can change harm to benefit.
Four, should not sparse branches overweight.
As the saying goes: winter and summer pruning shear rejuvenation tree vigor, weaken the vigor. At present and put back on the fruit shoots cut a tree, to improve the light, but it has destroyed the root shoot balance relationship, resulting in "back shaved branches bare fruit from sunburn, sunburn, and stop long shoot growth, flower bud differentiation affected".
Back too close, can retain the "leaf, short, fast cap" Qiangwang new shoots, appropriate thinning "tender yellow internodes" leggy branches and virtual Wang branch. The new shoots which can not stop in time can be twisted intermittently, blocking the length and promoting the growth. New shoots of "top sprouts" can pull in the top crown, promote strong inhibition.

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